HISTORY OF UNIVERSITIES AND BOARDS IN
NEPAL
Mahendra Sanskrit University – since BS 2043
Kathmandu University –
since BS 2048
Tribhuvan University – since BS 2015 Pokhara University – since
BS 2052
Purbanchal University – since BS 2051
Pokhara University
HSEB – since BS 2049
AFTER S.L.C.
The wide-read subjects after S.L.C. are – Humanities, Commerce,
Science and Education.
These subjects have their own charm
and where they lead one is quite clear to many students. Besides
that, there are many more careers that the SLC graduates can
opt for. There are short term professional courses, vocational
trainings amd such. Some of such careers have been discussed
below:
FINE ARTS
Fine Art has a long history in Nepal. The first school established
was ‘Art School’ in 1903. The subject is the best
for the creative students. There are various Fine Arts colleges
in and outside the valley that provide intermediate courses in
Fine Arts. The Intermediate has classes on the basics of drawing
and painting, and sculpture. English and Nepali are the compulsory
subjects. While some colleges don’t offer the graphic part
of the designing, some like Institute of Fine Arts, at Ganabahal,
a newly opened Fine Arts institution, has such offering. Further
into the course, classes on classical instruments, classical
dances, textile designing and so forth are available.
FORESTRY
Forestry is one of the fields that hold good future prospects
for the students who have completed S.L.C. This subject is also
a noble venture into forest conservation and constraining the
mounting environmental degradation. Nepal has two institutions
for forestry – one in Hetauda and another in Pokhara, both
affiliated to the Tribhuvan University, offering certificate
and bachelors level studies. The course provides advanced training
in forestry and natural resource, conservation and management.
Additional responsibilities include forestry research and development
of technology suitable for Nepal. The campuses of the Institute
of Forestry have laboratories, woodlots, arboreta, horticulture
research farms, computer and other facilities.
Apart from the mainstream academic
courses, there are various vocational and short-term courses
that the students can pursue after completing S.L.C. Some of
the courses and related institutions are listed below:
HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT
Hospitality management is a growing field, globally. Colleges
like NATHM (Nepal Academy of Tourism and Hospitality Management)
offer access only after the completion of the intermediate
level. However, they also offer some short-term courses on
waiters, room boys, chefs, travel agents, house-keeping, front
office, barman etc. The students can extend their career in
different hotels, restaurants and at many administrative units
after sincerely going through these courses.
SANSKRIT
After the completion of S.L.C., students can opt for Sanskrit
studies. The Intermediate in Sanskrit is called Uttar Madhyama.
There are various colleges in and outside the valley that offer
the intermediate course, all being affiliated to the Mahendra
Sanskrit University. After the completion of Uttar Madhyama,
students can enroll to the bachelors’ level study, i.e.
Shastri and then masters level i.e. Acharya. Vedas, Sanskrit
Grammar, Literature, Astronomy are some of the subjects that
students have to study under the intermediate curriculum. The
study of Sanskrit leads students to sectors like Archeology,
Astrology, Astronomy, Anthropology and so forth. The study of
Sanskrit helps the students in historical research as all the
holy books and ancient scriptures of Hinduism and Buddhism are
found to be written in Sanskrit language or its derivatives:
for example Pali, which is the language of major Buddhist scriptures,
is derived from Sanskrit.
CTEVT COURSES
The Council for Technical Education and Vocational Training (CTEVT)
is the policy formulation and coordinating body for Technical
Education and Vocational Training (TEVT) programs in Nepal, which
was constituted in 1989 (2045 BS). The CTEVT is a national autonomous
body committed to the growth and development of basic and middle
level workforce for Nepal.
Presently, CTEVT is responsible for
the operation of 4 different kinds of training programs. These
are the programs in technical schools, programs in technical
instructor training institutes, programs in Polytechnics and
programs in vocational training and community development institutions.
In addition, CTEVT is responsible for certifying other training
programs.
POLYTECHNICS
CTEVT has planned to establish five polytechnics in each of the
five development regions but up to now, Hetauda Polytechnic (Hetauda
Polytechnic Pilot Project), Tansen Nursing School and School
of Health Science, Bharatpur are running as polytechnic institutes.
School of Health Science at Bharatpur,
Chitwan is the first Technical school (Polytechnic) under CTEVT
to produce technical manpower in general medicine This School
specially offers training on Health Assistant and minimum requirement
for the training is SLC passed candidates with Science, Math
and English subjects. It has annual enrollment capacity of
60. Beside the regular teaching programs, the school also has
training program on Jeevan Jal preparation, family planning,
mini medical camp etc.
Tansen Nursing School aims to produce
nursing manpower in Nepal. Though it has the capacity of 75,
it has aimed to produce 30 Staff Nurse in each year. The school
has been offering three years’ training on Staff Nurse
selecting from the girls who have passed SLC in 2nd division
or have secured higher marks in Mathematics, Science and English
who apply for the course and pass the entrance exam. The catchment
area of the school is all over Nepal.
Hetauda Polytechnic performs with
a small amount of financial support from UNESCO which has been
used for preparation of Project Document, fencing of the land,
Education Brief and development of detailed master plan for
the project. CTEVT is seeking assistance for infrastructure
and human resource development as well as equipment necessary
for the Polytechnic. Hetauda Polytechnic has been conducting
short term training programs on Industrial Wiring and Welding
in Fiscal year 2056/57
PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS
Privately run technical schools are operating with affiliation
to CTEVT in different districts. Provisional recognition has
been granted to private health and construction institutions,
the National Computer Training Center and one hairdressing institute.
Full recognition will be granted after a period of satisfactory
performance and the set criteria are met. Till now, there are
more than 165 affiliated private training institutes which have
covered 47 districts of Nepal. These institutes have been offering
courses on CMA, JTA, JT, ANM, Electrical, Mechanical, Civil,
Ayurbedic, laboratory, AMIN, Carpet Weaving, Wood Works, Dental,
Auto- Mechanic, Nature Pyathic, Therapy in Acupacessure, Carpentry,
Welding, General Mechanics, Auto Mechanics and Food Technical
Assistant.
COMPUTER SOFTWARE
Various computer courses, either hardware or software are well
suited for the students of all levels. This is a technological
field with rising enrollment. After finishing SLC and while waiting
for the result, the students can best utilize their time doing
these courses, either in hardware or in software. And some, who
see enough future prospects and lucrative part of it, go along
it and make a career despite the fact that this field has no
academic degree but professional training. With mounting computer
usage in our daily lives, a career in computer-related field
also generates good income and earns wide recognition.
FASHION DESIGNING
Fashion Designing is also a lucrative career and also is a formal
entrance into the field of glamour.
Fashion instituted around the world
offer variety of courses to train the students practically
for this profession. The local institutes in Nepal offer the
certificate level courses which generally run up to 4 to 8
months. In this level, students are taught computerized art
designing (CAD), graphic designing etc. To join the diploma
level studies one has to complete +2 or equivalent level of
studies.
“Students at any part
of the country don’t have to feel insecure about exams.”
Birendra Singh,
Controller, S.L.C. Examinations
Q: What percentage of the students
taking S.L.C. exams this year do you think will pass the exam?
A: I think it comes around 30-35%.
Q: The S.L.C. pass percentage has
not been a satisfactory one. What measures can be applied to
raise it?
A: The only way to increase the pass percentage is that the schools
should teach the entire academic curriculum designed. Every school
should teach 220 days in a year to do justice to the course.
The teachers from every faculty and students should regularly
attend the school and the guardians should check whether their
children are studying sincerely or not.
Q: S.L.C. examination has been held
region-wise since few years. Is this process going to be made
district-wise?
A: You know how Myagdi incident troubled also the S.L.C. examination
this year in the western region. Question papers for that region
had to be prepared again. As a remedy to this sort of problems,
the idea of holding SLC examinations in the district level would
be kind of a rational approach but this would take quite a time.
Anyway, plans are being made to make it at least zone-wise.
Q: It is heard that class 12 is to
be made the final school year instead of class 10. Is it true?
A: If we have to synchronize our educational system with the
international educational system, then we definitely need to
adopt the change. We have been doing homework to conduct the
final school examination at the end of class 12. When this system
will be implemented the class 10 examination will then be held
at district level. You find many schools these days are higher
secondary schools and this in a way is the change towards making
class 12 the final school year.
Q: What special measures are there
to sort out any problem that may take place in any of the examination
centers?
A: We have made necessary arrangements for immediate re-exams
incase of any mishaps. The teachers, experts and the superintendent
at any examination center have been given the authority to make
questions themselves and to hold the exams. This way, I think
students at any part of the country don’t have to feel
insecure about exams.
BRIDGE COURSES
There is said to be a huge gap between S.L.C. and higher secondary
education in Nepal. To adjust the gap, almost all the colleges
provide bridge courses to the S.L.C. pass-outs. After completing
S.L.C. and before joining the formal classes at any college,
undergoing bride courses is a good idea especially for the
students who come from the remote areas of Nepal and are weak
in English. However, opting for a right institute for the bridge
courses is important. Some colleges use bridge courses as a
trick to attract students and taking bridge courses there won’t
bear any fruits. Some institutions like Alfa Beta Institute
at Putalisadak provide good bridge courses at a certain fee.
The program comprises Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Mathematics,
TOEFL & Entrance preparation and practical classes for
Pre - I. Sc and Boom, Accounts, Travel and Tourism, Economics,
Finance, TOEFL for Pre-Management classes. These classes are
so designed that they profoundly help S.L.C. appeared students
who especially desire to study Science and Management in Higher
Secondary Schools and colleges.
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